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14. Plural dos Substantivos

Regra Geral

Substantivo + S

Boy – boys     House- houses Table – tables book-books

Particularidades

1.      Substantivos terminados em o, s, sh, ch, x e z - + es

Tomato – tomatoes              bus- buses          brush -brushes

Peach- peaches                       box- boxes      buzz- buzzes

2.      Palavras estrangeiras ou abreviadas terminadas em o - +s

Photo – photos                             piano – pianos                        hippo – hippos

3.      Substantivos terminados em y precedido de consoante – y+ i+ es

Baby – babies      Lady – ladies              city – cities

4.      Substantivos terminados em f ou fe – f ou fe + v+ es

Wife – wives

Life- lives

Knife – knives

Wolf – wolves

Shelf – shelves

Self – selves

Calf – calves

Leaf- leaves

Loaf – loaves

Thief – thieves

Half – halves

Sheaf – sheaves

Observação

·         As demais palavras terminadas em f ou fe fazem o plural regular, ou seja, com o acréscimo de S. Exemplo: roof – roofs

5.      Palavras estrangeiras geralmente mantém o plural de origem:

Genius – genii

Nucleus- nuclei

Crisis- crises

Mitosis – mitoses

Bacterium – bacteria

Phenomenon – phefonema

6.      Alguns substantivos fazem o plural de forma irregular:

Man – men

Woman- women

Tooth- teeth

Foot- feet

Child – Children

Mouse – Mice

Vocabulário

Boy: Garoto

House: Casa

Table: Mesa

Tomato: Tomate

Book: Livro

Bus: Ônibus

Brush: Escova

Peach: Pêssego

Box: Caixa  

Buzz: Zumbido

Photo: Foto

Piano: Piano

Hippo: Hipopótamo

Baby: Bebê

Lady: Senhora

City: Cidade

Wife: Esposa

Life: Vida

Knife: Faca

Wolf: Lobo

Shelf: Estante

Calf: Bezerro

Leaf: Folha

Loaf: Pão

Thief: Ladrão

Half: Metade

Sheaf: Maço

Tradução feita por Irma Storti.

Fonte das observações em Inglês: PRESCHER, Elisabeth. Inglês. Graded English. Volume único. Elisabeth Presher, Ernesto Pasqualim, Eduardo Amos – 2ed- São Paulo. Moderna. 2003. Coleção Base.

Estudando Inglês

Fonte da imagem: http://www.itr.ufrrj.br/portal/petitr-vai-oferecer-curso-gratuito-de-ingles/

9. ADJETIVOS POSSESSIVOS

Singular	Plural
(I)                my	(we) our
(you) your	(you) your
(he) his (she) her (it) is	(They) their

10. INTERROGATIVOS

Who: quem                                             When: quando

What: o que, qual                                 Where: onde

11. PREPOSIÇÕES

Tempo

In * Século (in the 20th century) ·         Década (in the 60’ s) ·         Ano (in 1998) ·         Estação do ano (in summer) ·         Mês (in September) ·         Período do dia, com exceção de night In the morning

On * dia do mês ( on December 22nd) ·         Dia da semana (on Saturday) ·         Data específica (on Christmas Day)

At * hora ( at 7 o’ clock) ·         Data específica sem a palavra day (at Christmas) ·         at night

Lugar

In * continente (in Africa)

·         país (in England) ·         estado (in California) ·         cidade (in London) ·         bairro (in Ipanema) ·         rua (in the street)

On * nome de rua (on Washington Street) ·         avenida (on Kenedy avenue) ·         praça (on Washigton Square)

At* rua com o número ·         (at 54 Washigton Street) ·         Local específico (at school, at church, at the movies)

12. PREPOSIÇÕES

In: dentro

On: Sobre

Out: fora

Under: embaixo de

In front of: em frente de

Behind: atrás de

Around: ao redor de

Between: entre (dois)

 Fonte: PRESCHER, Elisabeth. Inglês:  Graded English:volume único/ Elisabeth Prescher, Ernesto Pasqualin, Eduardo Amos – 2 ed – São Paulo. Moderna, 2003 –Coleção Base.

Continuando nossos estudos em:

Fonte da imagem: 

http://canaldoensino.com.br/blog/35-dicas-para-facilitar-seu-aprendizado-de-ingles

5. THERE TO BE – PRESENTE

There is: há, existe – usado com substantivos no singular.

There are: há, existem – usado com substantivos no plural.

6. VERBO TO BE – PASSADO

Afirmativa	Negativa	Interrogativa
I was	I was not ( I wasn’t)	Was I?
You were	You were not ( You weren’t)	Were you?
He was She was It was	He was not (he wasn’t) She was not (she (wasn’t) It was not (it wasn’t)	Was he? Was she? Was it?
We were	We were not (we weren’t)	Were we?
You were	You were not (you weren’t)	Were you
They were	They were not (they weren’t)	Were they?

7. THERE TO BE – PASSADO

There was: havia – usado com substantive no singular.

There were: havia – usado com substantivos no plural.

8. PRESENTE CONTÍNUO

Afirmativa	Negativa	Interrogativa
I am working	I am not working	Am I working?
You are working?	You are not working	Are you working?
He She             is working It	He She is not working It	He Is she working?      It
We are working	We are not working	Are we working
You are working	You are not working	Are you working
They are working	They are not working	Are they working

 Fonte: PRESCHER, Elisabeth. Inglês:  Graded English:volume único/ Elisabeth Prescher, Ernesto Pasqualin, Eduardo Amos – 2 ed – São Paulo. Moderna, 2003 –Coleção Base.

CONTINUANDO NOSSOS ESTUDOS EM:

Fonte da imagem: 

http://canaldoensino.com.br/blog/35-dicas-para-facilitar-seu-aprendizado-de-ingles

5. THERE TO BE – PRESENTE

There is: há, existe – usado com substantivos no singular.

There are: há, existem – usado com substantivos no plural.

6. VERBO TO BE – PASSADO

Afirmativa	Negativa	Interrogativa
I was	I was not ( I wasn’t)	Was I?
You were	You were not ( You weren’t)	Were you?
He was She was It was	He was not (he wasn’t) She was not (she (wasn’t) It was not (it wasn’t)	Was he? Was she? Was it?
We were	We were not (we weren’t)	Were we?
You were	You were not (you weren’t)	Were you
They were	They were not (they weren’t)	Were they?

7. THERE TO BE – PASSADO

There was: havia – usado com substantive no singular.

There were: havia – usado com substantivos no plural.

8. PRESENTE CONTÍNUO

Afirmativa	Negativa	Interrogativa
I am working	I am not working	Am I working?
You are working?	You are not working	Are you working?
He She             is working It	He She is not working It	He Is she working?      It
We are working	We are not working	Are we working
You are working	You are not working	Are you working
They are working	They are not working	Are they working

 Fonte: PRESCHER, Elisabeth. Inglês:  Graded English:volume único/ Elisabeth Prescher, Ernesto Pasqualin, Eduardo Amos – 2 ed – São Paulo. Moderna, 2003 –Coleção Base.